Spain is taking bold steps to shield its citizens from the intensifying effects of climate change, with Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez announcing plans to establish a national network of climate shelters in public buildings across the country ahead of next summer. The initiative aims to provide refuge for people during increasingly frequent and severe heatwaves.
Speaking at a climate-focused conference in Madrid, Sanchez highlighted the growing threat posed by extreme temperatures. "Devastating droughts and heatwaves are no longer rare. Some summers, it's not separate waves we face, but one long heatwave stretching from June through August. This is now the new normal," he said. His statement underscores the urgency of preparing communities for a future where prolonged high temperatures are expected.
The summer of 2025 was particularly punishing in Spain, recording the hottest temperatures in the nation’s history. Residents endured three major heatwaves, including a staggering 16-day stretch in August where temperatures soared above 45°C (113°F), according to the State Meteorological Agency (AEMET). These extreme conditions were linked to an estimated 3,800 heat-related deaths, marking an 88% increase compared to 2024, illustrating the human toll of climate change.
The newly announced climate shelters will be strategically located in public buildings, providing air-conditioned spaces with seating and free water. These safe havens will be particularly beneficial for vulnerable populations, including the elderly, infants, those with health issues, and individuals with limited resources. Funding for these shelters will target areas most affected by extreme heat, ensuring resources reach the communities that need them the most.
Spain already has regional networks of climate shelters, such as in Catalonia, the Basque Country, and Murcia. Barcelona alone has around 400 climate shelters in public spaces like libraries, museums, sports centers, and shopping malls. The new national program will expand these efforts, creating a comprehensive safety net for citizens nationwide.
In addition to combating heatwaves, Sanchez announced that the government will invest in flood and fire prevention measures for small towns, allocating €20 million (£18m; $24m) specifically for fire prevention. These measures are part of a broader state pact to tackle climate change, which Sanchez has invited all political groups to support, emphasizing that the initiative is intended as a “shield for Spain,” not an electoral tool.
The move aligns with global climate science warnings. The UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has noted that heatwaves are becoming more frequent and intense due to human-driven climate change. Spain’s 2025 wildfire season further illustrated the nation’s vulnerability, with over 400,000 hectares burned, causing ecological damage and economic strain.
With this proactive approach, Spain aims to reduce heat-related mortality and better protect its citizens from the increasingly harsh realities of climate change, setting an example for other nations facing similar threats.